Design processes in the design of electronic newspapers

This research explores the design approaches used in designing online newspapers، particularly in light of the significant advancements in communication and information technology. These advancements have led to the emergence of online newspapers as a sophisticated alternative to print newspapers،characterized by their interactivity، flexibility، and diverse content presentation. Internet technologies and multimedia have enhanced the visual and auditory aspects of these newspapers، increasing their ability to attract and influence the audience. The research problem lies in identifying the design approaches employed in designing online newspapers. The research aims to identify and analyze these approaches within the digital design environment. The research is significant because it contributes to enriching the knowledge of graphic design students and supports the practical application of designers in this field.

The research adopted a descriptive-analytical approach. A sample of Iraqi online newspapers (such as Al-Zaman، Al-Mashriq، and Al-Sabah) was selected، and their front pages were analyzed as representing the newspaper's identity and visual character. The analysis focused on structural and design elements such as headlines، text، images،colors، and multimedia، in addition to layout and interaction methods. The theoretical framework demonstrated that online newspapers possess several characteristics، including interactivity، transcending the limitations of time and place، and low cost، in addition to their reliance on important visual elements such as color، images، and animation It also showed that the headline is one of the most important elements for attracting attention، while images and animation contribute to enhancing understanding and conveying the message quickly and effectively.

The research findings revealed that web page design often relies on a modular (frame-based) approach،with vertical extensions requiring scrolling، and that headlines are activated by interactive links. The limited use of animation and video was also noted،along with a reliance on small-sized images to reduce loading times. Furthermore